December 2006 • Volume 100 • Special Supplement

Table 7

Moderate/severe functional limitations and health status for older adults with comorbid hearing impairment and visual impairment (VI).

Note: (a) = Reference group for multivariate analysis. CI = confidence interval. AOR = adjusted odds ratio. All AORs adjusted by age, race/ethnicity and sex. Findings statistically significant at p < .001.

Data Source: National Center for Health Statistics. (1997-2004). National Health Interview Survey, Sample Adult Files. Hyattsville, MD: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved January 5, 2006, from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis.htm.

Description: There are 5 main heads: Domain; No VI, no hearing impairment, with subheads %, AOR, and AOR 95% CI; Hearing impairment only, with subheads %, AOR, and AOR 95% CI; VI only, with subheads %, AOR, and AOR 95% CI; Both VI & hearing impairment, %, AOR, and AOR 95% CI.

Domain: Difficulty walking 1/4 mile; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), %: 15.6; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), AOR: 1.0; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), AOR 95% CI: --; Hearing impairment only, %: 27.7; Hearing impairment only, AOR: 1.8; Hearing impairment only, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.09; VI only, %: 40.1; VI only, AOR: 2.7; VI only, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.2; Both VI & hearing impairment, %: 44.0; Both VI & hearing impairment, AOR: 4.6; Both VI & hearing impairment, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.4.

Domain: Difficulty climbing 10 steps; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), %: 11.4; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), AOR: 1.0; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), AOR 95% CI: --; Hearing impairment only, %: 20.6; Hearing impairment only, AOR: 1.7; Hearing impairment only, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.1; VI only, %: 32.0; VI only, AOR: 2.8; VI only, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.2; Both VI & hearing impairment, %: 35.2; Both VI & hearing impairment, AOR: 4.7; Both VI & hearing impairment, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.4.

Domain: Difficulty shopping; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), %: 5.8; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), AOR: 1.0; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), AOR 95% CI: --; Hearing impairment only, %: 12.6; Hearing impairment only, AOR: 1.8; Hearing impairment only, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.1; VI only, %: 21.6; VI only, AOR: 3.3; VI only, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.2; Both VI & hearing impairment, %: 24.2; Both VI & hearing impairment, AOR: 5.7; Both VI & hearing impairment, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.8.

Domain: Difficulty socializing; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), %: 4.6; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), AOR: 1.0; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), AOR 95% CI: --; Hearing impairment only, %: 9.6; Hearing impairment only, AOR: 1.7; Hearing impairment only, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.2; VI only, %: 17.1; VI only, AOR: 3.3; VI only, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.3; Both VI & hearing impairment, %: 19.2; Both VI & hearing impairment, AOR: 5.4; Both VI & hearing impairment, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.6.

Domain: Better health status; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), %: 15.4; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), AOR: 1.0; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), AOR 95% CI: --; Hearing impairment only, %: 12.7; Hearing impairment only, AOR: 1.0; Hearing impairment only, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.06; VI only, %: 12.7; VI only, AOR: 1.2; VI only, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.08; Both VI & hearing impairment, %: 12.1; Both VI & hearing impairment, AOR: 1.2; Both VI & hearing impairment, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.1.

Domain: Worse health status; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), %: 9.1; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), AOR: 1.0; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), AOR 95% CI: --; Hearing impairment only, %: 17.7; Hearing impairment only, AOR: 1.7; Hearing impairment only, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.09; VI only, %: 25.0; VI only, AOR: 2.5; VI only, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.2; Both VI & hearing impairment, %: 28.8; Both VI & hearing impairment, AOR: 4.2; Both VI & hearing impairment, AOR 95% CI: plus or minus 0.3.

Domain: Same(a) health status; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), %: 77.5; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), AOR: 1.0; No VI, no hearing impairment(a), AOR 95% CI: --; Hearing impairment only, %: 69.6; Hearing impairment only, AOR: 1.0; Hearing impairment only, AOR 95% CI: *; VI only, %: 62.2; VI only, AOR: 1.0; VI only, AOR 95% CI: *; Both VI & hearing impairment, %: 59.1; Both VI & hearing impairment, AOR: 1.0; Both VI & hearing impairment, AOR 95% CI: *.

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